Answers to seven important questions about executive orders and presidential pardons

Mehr News Agency, international group: US President Donald Trump, The new term of the president himself yesterday by issuing a series of executive orders in a record time It started unprecedentedly. By issuing these decrees, he determined the policy of his new government and, of course, canceled all the measures that Joe Biden had implemented to pass Trump’s policies in his previous term. >

These events raise questions about the importance of adopting executive orders by the President of the United States of America and whether Trump’s decisions will determine the future of the United States. Especially since his decisions are related to the affairs of immigrants, minorities and commitment to global issues such as climate and trade.

On the other hand, Biden spent the last days of his presidency by issuing a pardon for 5 A member of his family passed away. The new American president also issued an amnesty order for 1,500 participants in the attack on the Congress building in 2021, who were his supporters, in the first hours of his work.

1. What is an executive order?

The Constitution of the United States of America considers the executive order to be part of the powers of the government that are vested in the President. Executive orders are actually orders issued by the President of the United States of America to manage the activities of federal agencies in order to formulate new policies and urgent procedures.

2- Why can the president cancel the executive orders of his counterpart?

Executive order is not considered a fixed law, so it can be changed by the president, who has the power to evaluate or modify it based on his political vision, provided that it is not against the constitution. , it can be canceled or modified.

Given that executive orders are not approved by Congress and do not require its approval, they are easy to change and give each administration the freedom to make executive policies consistent with Guide your vision.

3- What does it matter if the executive order can be revoked?

The advantage of an executive order is that it is a quick tool for the president to implement his policies without going through the long and complicated process of legislation in Congress.

Although an executive order can be overturned by a change in government or if Congress decides to legislate against it, it has limited power in the long run, but executive orders To deal with urgent issues, overcoming differences in Congress and creating temporary political changes is considered important.

4- Which are the most prominent canceled executive decrees? >

At the beginning of the presidential term Biden in 2021, he issued executive orders from Trump canceled the withdrawal from the Paris climate agreement and the travel ban for some Muslim-majority nationals in order to define his government’s policies with these actions.

Trump rescinded the executive orders adopted by Biden immediately after his inauguration. He once again withdrew from the climate agreement and returned Cuba to the list of countries that support terrorism. During the first term of his presidency, Trump canceled the executive orders of his predecessor Barack Obama regarding energy and health.

5- What are the differences between presidential pardons?

The US Constitution gives the president the power to grant pardons without going through the legislative system, and this does not involve public policy.

The difference between a presidential pardon and an executive order is that it cannot be revoked or modified once issued, so a pardon issued by a former president cannot be revoked by the president. The future will be canceled and neither Congress nor the courts will be able to challenge it.

6- Can the president establish fixed laws?

Although presidential pardons are irreversible, they are not law. The President of the United States cannot make laws on his own. But if the president signs a law after it is approved by Congress, it becomes very difficult to change it.

7- How is the democratic system affected?

The ability of presidents to issue pardons, approve and change executive orders may seem like an obvious challenge to the democratic system, but it is subject to the oversight of the US Constitution, which It ensures the separation and balance of powers and strengthens the democratic system. Therefore the basis of any new government can be freedom in implementing its policies.